Презентація на тему «Adjectives in English»
Adjectives in English
Degrees of Comparison
There are three degrees:
Basic
Comparative
Superlative
high
higher
highest
One-syllable Adjectives
Usually, the ending er/est is simply added to the positive form of the adjective. For example: ttfast - faster tstrong - stronger
tall - tallest tyoung - youngest
When an adjective ends in a silent e, the silent e is dropped before the ending er/est is added.
e.g.: tbrave - braver - bravest
close - closer - closest
late - later - latest
When an adjective ends in y preceded by a consonant, the y is changed to i before the ending er/est is added.
e.g.: dry - drier-driest; teasy - easier-easiest
When an adjective ends in a CVC and the last consonant is other than w, x or y or a double vowel - we double the final consonant before adding er/est is added.
e.g.: big - bigger-biggest (hot - hotter sad - saddest
but:
e.g.: loud - louder; neat - neater; soon - sooner
Two and more syllable adjectives
Adjectives of 2 or more syllables (unless it ends with r or y), we make superior by using:
the most / the least adjective noun.
This book is the most / the least interesting book I have ever read.
Two and more syllable adjectives
Adjectives of 2 or more syllables (unless it ends with r or y), we compare by using:
noun verb more / less ____ than noun.
This book is more interesting than that book.
My ad is less convincing than your ad.
MJH_teacher
Irregular Forms of Comparison
the best
better than
good
the worst
worse than
bad
the farthest / furthest
farther / further than
far
the least
less than
little
the fewest
fewer than
few
the most
more than
many/much
Adjective Order
Fact Adjectives
Opinion + Fact Adjectives
Suffixation
-fultthaving…tt useful
giving…tt helpful
-lessttwithoutttt fearless
-lytthaving the qualities oft cowardly
-likett‘'ttt childlike
-ytttlike…ttt creamy
covered with…tt hairy
-ishttbelonging tott Turkish
having the charactert foolish
-ianttin the tradition oft Darwinian
Other adjective suffixes:
-able/-iblet= worthy/able: treadable/edible
-ishtt= somewhatttyoungish
-edtt= havingtttbalconied
Adjective suffixes meaning
“having the characteristics of…/ peculiar to…/ full of ….”
-altttcriminal
(also –ialtteditorial
and –icalttmusical
-ictttheroic
-ivetttattractive
(also – ativettaffirmative
and -itivettsensitive
-oustttvirtuous
(also –eousttcourteous
and –iousttvivacious
Suffixation
NOTE!t-ic vs. t-ical
(difference in meaning)
an economic miraclet t( in the economy)
the car is economical to runt( money-saving)
a historic buildingtt(with a history)
historical researchtt(pertaining to history)
Adjectives as Nouns = Substantivized Adjectives
Fully substantivized – have all characteristics of a nouna native - the natives, a Russian - the Russians, a German - the Germans.
Partially substantivized – are used as nouns only to show a group, manythe rich, the unemployed, the good, the evil, the beautiful, the English.